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Middleton Junction is an industrial and residential district lying on the common border of Middleton and Chadderton in Greater Manchester. The area takes its name from the former Middleton Junction railway station and lies along the course of the Rochdale Canal. It is located 1.4 miles south east of Middleton town centre and 1.9 miles west of central Chadderton. It is contiguous with other areas of Chadderton and Middleton including Moorclose, Mills Hill, Greengate, Alkrington and Firwood Park. Semi rural Foxdenton lies to the east. ==History== The area now known as Middleton Junction was originally comprised of a number of hamlets situated along Grimshaw Lane and Foxdenton Lane on the border of Chadderton and Tonge townships – Lane End and Hillock (described in the early 1800s as "a pleasant hamlet") in Chadderton, Bradshaw Fold and Jumbo in Tonge (Tonge was a former township which was incorporated into Middleton in the late 19th century).〔P 94 Chadderton Chapters (1972), Lawson M, ISBN 0 9502475 0 2〕 The area around Jumbo was historically part of the estate of the medieval Bradshaw Hall which was demolished in 1910.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bradshaw Hall, Middleton | Middleton Archaeological Society )〕 In the 16th century, the area consisted largely of undeveloped forest and meadow. The Hall was located on the south side of a valley overlooking the Wince Brook. The Estate had a corn mill on the river and began to rent land to farmers. In 1777, the silk weaving business was introduced to the area and for the next 50 years there was great demand for hand loom weaver’s cottages. The estate rented out land north of the current Grimshaw Lane and the settlements of Jumbo and Bradshaw Fold rapidly grew. The estate was bounded on the south by Wince Brook, the west by Tonge and in the north by Chadderton. The only access to the estate road would have been the lane to Foxdenton Hall, later to become Grimshaw Lane. Two settlements were formed firstly by the home weavers and later by the mill owners. Bradshaw Fold was the area on the North East of the estate, later to be replaced by the station name, Middleton Junction. In the 1861 census, Bradshaw Fold had over 70 weavers' cottages. On the west, between the current Aspinall Street and Sandy Lane, was the village of Jumbo or Jumba. In an 1823 slang dictionary, a ''jumbo'' is defined as a clumsy or unwieldy fellow. The origin of this expression is based on a well read travel book, ''Travels in Africa''. It describes a tribal custom in Africa where a witch doctor would dress up and perform a noisy dancing ritual. He was known as Mumbo Jumbo. A letter to the ''Manchester Guardian'' in 1862 speculates as to the origins of the name. “….The cottages in the vicinity of Bradshaw Hall are occupied by silk weavers, farm labourers and cotton spinners and commonly known by the singular name “Jumba” which significant title is supposed to be conferred there-on from the jumping gambols and athletic exercises of the residents on Saint Mondays and other holidays.” In 1779, Thomas Chadderton sold the coal rights to the estate which were probably accessed from the Alkrington pit at Lancashire Fold. The Rochdale canal was built shortly after this (1804), greatly easing the transportation of both coal and cotton. JW Lees brewery opened close to Bradshaw Fold in 1828.〔http://www.jwlees.co.uk/about/history>〕 Middleton Junction railway station opened at Lane End on 31 March 1842 with a branch line to Oldham Werneth railway station. The railway line split the hamlet of Lane End in two.〔P 47 Chadderton Pubs And Their Licencees 1750–1999, Magee Rob (1986) ISBN 978 185216 134 7〕〔P 99 A statistical sketch of the county palatine of Lancaster (Google eBook) Edwin Butterworth Published by Longman & Co.; Bancks & Co., Manchester; Wareing Webb, Liverpool; D. Evans, Oldham, 1841〕 The station was originally called Oldham Junction but by August of 1842 it was known as Middleton Station, changing it's name to Middleton Junction some ten years later.〔P2 An illustrated history of Oldham's Railways, John Hooper, ISBN 1-871608-19-8〕 The branch line to Middleton opened in 1857. The station closed in the mid-1960s. The late 19th century gave rise to a substantial cotton spinning district around the area of the station and along the canal and saw terraced houses built along Grimshaw Lane and its environs. Mills included the Junction Mill, Laurel Mill among others. See List of mills in Chadderton The name Middleton Junction was adopted as place-name for the area during this period. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Middleton Junction, Greater Manchester」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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